Combatting Corruption in Nigeria: Assessing Legal Infrastructure and Proposals for Reform

Abstract

Corruption has entrenched itself as a formidable challenge within Nigerian society, permeating every level from public officials to institutional frameworks designed to combat it. The case of Ibrahim Magu, former chairman of the EFCC, highlights the pervasive nature of corruption, with allegations of diverting recovered funds to personal accounts. This article delves into the multifaceted manifestations of corruption in Nigeria, spanning political, economic, and social spheres, particularly accentuated under the current APC government. The devastating impacts include the erosion of democratic institutions, hindered economic growth, and dire threats to human security. The analysis evaluates the legal infrastructure and effectiveness of anti-corruption measures, drawing comparisons with jurisdictions like the UK and US. Discrepancies in legislative clarity, enforcement strategies, and institutional integrity are stark, with Nigeria facing challenges such as reactive approaches, corruption within anti-corruption agencies, and inadequate penalties. In contrast, the UK and US exhibit proactive enforcement, transparent institutions, and robust legal frameworks. Proposed reforms aim to streamline Nigeria's anti-corruption mechanisms, promote attitudinal shifts among citizens and leaders, and adopt civil approaches and alternative dispute resolution methods akin to those in the UK and US. Recommendations also call for abolishing facilitation payments and enhancing institutional capacities for proactive enforcement. Implementing these reforms could catalyse a transformative shift in Nigeria's fight against corruption, fostering transparency, accountability, and sustainable development.